Water-Resistant vs. Waterproof: What's the Difference?

If you are shopping for a jacket and see that one offers water resistance, while the other is waterproof, you may think they mean the same thing. 
If you are shopping for a jacket and see that one offers water resistance, while the other is waterproof, you may think they mean the

Water proof vs water resistant. What's the difference?

Water-Resistant vs. Waterproof: What's the Difference?

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What's the Difference Between Water Resistance, Repellent and

Water-Resistant vs. Water-Repellent vs. Waterproof

Water Resistant vs Waterproof: What's the Difference? - 6 ICE